Which of the following is NOT true of deadlock prevention and deadlock avoidance schemes?
A. In deadlock prevention, the request for resources is always granted if the resulting state is safe
B. In deadlock avoidance, the request for resources is always granted if the result state is safe
C. Deadlock avoidance is less restrictive than deadlock prevention
D. Deadlock avoidance requires knowledge of resource requirements a priori
Solution :
A) is correct.
Deadlock Prevention: Deadlocks can be prevented by preventing at least one of the four required conditions: 1. Mutual Exclusion — not required for sharable resources; must hold for non-sharable resources. 2. Hold and Wait — must guarantee that whenever a process requests a resource, it does not hold any other resources. Require process to request and be allocated all its sources before it begins execution, or allow process to request resources only when the process has none. Low resource utilization; starvation possible. Restrain the ways request can be made. 3. No Pre-emption — If a process that is holding some resources requests another resource that cannot be immediately allocated to it, and then all resources currently being held are released. Pre-empted resources are added to the list of resources for which the process is waiting. Process will be restarted only when it can regain its old resources, as well as the new ones that it is requesting. 4. Circular Wait — impose a total ordering of all resource types, and require that each process requests resources in an increasing order of enumeration. Deadlock Avoidance: When a scheduler sees that starting a process or granting resource requests may lead to future deadlocks, then that process is just not started or the request is not granted. The deadlock-avoidance algorithm dynamically examines the resource-allocation state to ensure that there can never be a circular-wait condition. Resource-allocation state is defined by the number of available and allocated resources, and the maximum demands of the processes. Choice of the question: (A) In deadlock prevention, the request for resources is always granted if the resulting state is safe. false, Deadlock prevention scheme handles deadlock by making sure that one of the four necessary conditions don’t occur. In deadlock prevention, the request for a resource may not be granted even if the resulting state is safe. (B) In deadlock avoidance, the request for resources is always granted if the result state is safe. true, As in Deadlock avoidance, if resultant state is safe than request for resource is granted as being in a safe state, it can hold other resources now. © Deadlock avoidance is less restrictive than deadlock prevention. true, As in Deadlock prevention, request for a resource may not be granted even if the resulting state is safe. but in deadlock avoidance, request for a resource is granted if the resulting state is safe. (D) Deadlock avoidance requires knowledge of resource requirements a priori true, deadlock avoidance checks any chance of deadlock means even if the system is in safe state, it checks that after allocating requested resource, the system is not in deadlocked state. So deadlock avoidance requires knowledge of resource requirements a priori.
